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Brazilian singer-songwriter (born 1944)
Francisco Buarque de Hollanda (born 19 June 1944), popularly known simply as Chico Buarque,[a] is a Brazilian 😄 singer-songwriter, guitarist, composer, playwright, writer, and poet. He is best known for his music, which often includes social, economic, and 😄 cultural reflections on Brazil.
The firstborn son of Sérgio Buarque de Hollanda, Buarque lived at several locations throughout his childhood, though 😄 mostly in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Rome. He wrote and studied literature as a child and found music 😄 through the bossa nova compositions of Tom Jobim and João Gilberto. He performed as a singer and guitarist in the 😄 1960s as well as writing a play that was deemed dangerous by the Brazilian military dictatorship of the time. Buarque, 😄 along with several Tropicalist and MPB musicians, was threatened by the Brazilian military government and eventually left Brazil for Italy 😄 in 1969. However, he came back to Brazil in 1970, and continued to record, perform, and write, though much of 😄 his material was suppressed by government censors. He released several more albums in the 1980s and published three novels in 😄 the 1990s and 2000s.
In 2024, Buarque was awarded the Camões Prize, the most important prize for literature in the Portuguese 😄 language. However, awarding of the prize was delayed by four years due to actions by Jair Bolsonaro, but Buarque received 😄 it in April 2024.[1]
Early life and career [ edit ]
Buarque was born in Rio de Janeiro on 19 June 1944. 😄 He came from an intellectually privileged family background—his father Sérgio Buarque de Holanda was a well-known historian, sociologist and journalist 😄 and his mother Maria Amélia Cesário Alvim was a painter and pianist. He is also brother of the singer Miúcha 😄 and politician Ana de Hollanda. As a child, he was impressed by the musical style of bossa nova, specifically the 😄 work of Tom Jobim and João Gilberto. He was also interested in writing, composing his first short story at 18 😄 years old[2] and studying European literature, also at a young age.[3] One of his most consuming interests, however, was playing 😄 football, beginning at age four, and he still played regularly in his 60s.[3] During his childhood, he lived in Rio 😄 de Janeiro, São Paulo and Rome.
Before becoming a musician, Buarque decided at one point to study architecture at the University 😄 of São Paulo, but this choice did not lead to a career in that field; Buarque often skipped classes.[4]
He made 😄 his public debut as musician and composer in 1964, rapidly building his reputation at music festivals and television variety shows 😄 when bossa nova came to light and Nara Leão recorded three of his songs.[4] His eponymous debut album exemplified his 😄 future work, with catchy sambas characterized by inventive wordplay and an undercurrent of nostalgic tragedy. Buarque had his first hit 😄 with "A Banda" in 1966, written about a marching band, and soon released several more singles.[3] Although playing bossa nova, 😄 during his career, samba and Música popular brasileira would also be widely explored. Despite that, Buarque was criticized by two 😄 of the leading musicians at the time, Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil as they believed his musical style was overly 😄 conservative.[4] However, an existentially themed play that Buarque wrote and composed in 1968, Roda Viva ("Live Circle"), was frowned upon 😄 by the military government and Buarque served a short prison sentence because of it.[4] He left Brazil for Italy for 😄 18 months in 1970, returning to write his first novel in 1972, which was not targeted by censors.[2]
Chico Buarque performs 😄 in 2007.
At this time his thinly veiled protest single "Apesar de Você" ("In spite of You" – in reference to 😄 the military dictatorship) was also produced.[5] "Apesar de Você" was overlooked by the military censors, becoming an important anthem in 😄 the democratic movement. After selling over 100,000 copies, the single was eventually censored and removed from the market. At one 😄 point in 1974, the censors banned any song authored by Chico Buarque. Then, he created a pseudonym, naming himself "Julinho 😄 de Adelaide", complete with life history and interviews to newspapers. "Julinho de Adelaide"[6] authored songs such as "Jorge Maravilha" ("Wonder 😄 Jorge") and "Acorda Amor" ("Wake Up Love" as in a lover) before he was outed in a Jornal do Brasil 😄 news story.[7] Buarque also wrote a play named Calabar, about the Dutch invasion of Brazil in the seventeenth century, drawing 😄 parallels with the military regime.[8] Despite the censorship, songs such as "Samba de Orly" (1970), "Acorda amor" (1974, as "Julinho 😄 da Adelaide") manifested Buarque's continuing opposition to the military regime.
During the 1970s and 1980s, he collaborated with filmmakers, playwrights, and 😄 musicians in further protest works against the dictatorship. Buarque approached the 1983 Concert for Peace in Nicaragua as a valid 😄 forum to vocalize his strong political views. Throughout the decade, he crafted many of his songs as vehicles to describe 😄 the re-democratization of Brazil. The Concert for Peace in Nicaragua was one in a concert series known as the "Central 😄 American Peace Concerts." These concerts featured various Latin American artists. The political turmoil that plagued this era were expressed in 😄 many of Buarque's songs.[9][10] He later wrote Budapeste, a novel that achieved critical national acclaim and won the Prêmio Jabuti,[11] 😄 a Brazilian literary award comparable to the Booker Prize.
His 2024 album Caravanas was elected the 3rd best Brazilian album of 😄 that year by the Brazilian edition of Rolling Stone.[12]
Following the Brazilian military coup of 1964, Buarque avoided censorship by using 😄 cryptic analogies and wordplay. For example, in the song "Cálice" ("Chalice"), a duet written in 1973 with Gilberto Gil and 😄 released with Milton Nascimento in 1978,[13] he takes advantage of the homophony between the Portuguese imperative cale-se ("shut up") and 😄 cálice ("chalice") to protest government censorship, disguised as the Gospel narrative of Jesus' Gethsemane prayer to God to relieve him 😄 of the cup of suffering. The line "Quero cheirar fumaça de óleo diesel" ("I want to sniff diesel fumes") is 😄 a reference to the death of political prisoner Stuart Angel, who reportedly had his mouth glued to a jeep's exhaust 😄 pipe during a torture session.[14] Buarque was close to Stuart's mother, Zuzu Angel. This song is the subject of the 😄 final chapter of the book
Awards and recognitions [ edit 😄 ]
Discography [ edit ]
1966: Chico Buarque de Hollanda (Vol. 1)
(Vol. 1) 1966: Morte e Vida Severina
1967: Chico Buarque de Hollanda 😄 (Vol. 2)
(Vol. 2) 1968: Chico Buarque de Hollanda (Vol. 3)
(Vol. 3) 1969: Umas e outras – compacto
1969: Chico Buarque na 😄 Itália
1970: Apesar de você
1970: Per un pugno di samba
1970: Chico Buarque de Hollanda (Vol. 4)
(Vol. 4) 1971: Construção
1972: Quando o 😄 carnaval chegar
1972: Caetano e Chico - juntos e ao vivo
1973: Chico canta , mildly edited by the censors of the 😄 Brazilian military government both in lyrics and title, it was originally called "Chico Canta Calabar".
, mildly edited by the censors 😄 of the Brazilian military government both in lyrics and title, it was originally called "Chico Canta Calabar". 1974: Sinal fechado
1975: 😄 Chico Buarque & Maria Bethânia ao vivo
1976: Meus caros amigos
1977: Cio da Terra compacto
1977: Os saltimbancos
1977: Gota d'água
1978: Chico Buarque
1979: 😄 Ópera do Malandro
1980: Vida
1980: Show 1º de Maio compacto
1981: Almanaque
1981: Saltimbancos trapalhões
1982: Chico Buarque en espanhol
1983: Para viver um grande 😄 amor
1983: O grande circo místico
1984: Chico Buarque (Vermelho)
1985: O Corsário do rei
1985: Ópera do Malandro
1985: Malandro
1986: Melhores momentos de Chico 😄 & Caetano
1987: Francisco
1988: Dança da meia-lua
1989: Chico Buarque
1990: Chico Buarque ao vivo Paris le Zenith
1993: Para Todos
1995: Uma palavra
1997: Terra
1998: 😄 As cidades
1998: Chico Buarque da Mangueira
1999: Chico ao vivo
2001: Chico e as cidades (DVD)
(DVD) 2001: Cambaio
2002: Chico Buarque – Duetos
2003: 😄 Chico ou o país da delicadeza perdida (DVD)
(DVD) 2005: Meu Caro Amigo (DVD)
(DVD) 2005: A Flor da Pele (DVD)
(DVD) 2005: 😄 Vai passar (DVD)
(DVD) 2005: Anos Dourados (DVD)
(DVD) 2005: Estação Derradeira (DVD)
(DVD) 2005: Bastidores (DVD)
(DVD) 2006: O Futebol (DVD)
(DVD) 2006: Romance 😄 (DVD)
(DVD) 2006: Uma Palavra (DVD)
(DVD) 2006: Carioca (CD + DVD with the documentary Desconstrução )
(CD + DVD with the documentary 😄 ) 2007: Carioca Ao Vivo
2011: Chico Buarque
2012: Na Carreira (DVD)
(DVD) 2024: Caravanas
2024: "Caravanas - Ao vivo"
Other works [ edit ]
In 😄 popular culture [ edit ]
The cover art of the Buarque's 1966 album Chico Buarque de Hollanda became a viral internet 😄 meme with "happy" Chico and "sad" Chico.[17]
Notes [ edit ]
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2024/11/14 2:09:50